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Cyrtandra cyaneoides

Rock (1913)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Gesneriaceae Genus: Cyrtandra

ha‘iwale [haiwale], kanawao ke‘oke‘o [kanawao keokeo], māpele [mapele]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Fleshy shrubs ca. 1–1.3 m tall.

Stems: Stems unbranched, rounded to angular, pubescent with multicellular hairs or glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Apparently opposite. Blades symmetrical, obovate to suborbicular, 40–55 cm long, 22–35 cm wide. Apex rounded. Base abruptly constricted or attenuate to petiole. Upper surfaces sparsely appressed pilose; lower surfaces sparsely short–pilose, moderately so when young; blades fleshy and coriaceous; upper surfaces rugose. Margins irregularly very coarsely serrate to erose. Upper surface veins impressed, lower surface with veins raised. Petioles winged 4.5–14 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers few in dense clusters of apparently compound cymes arising in the leaf axils, appressed shaggy brown villous throughout, peduncles absent or nearly so, pedicels ca. 5–10 mm long in fruit, bracts connate, ca. 45 mm long, partly concealing the flowers. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx 2–5(6)-lobed, zygomorphic, apparently fusiform in bud, in anthesis ca. 26–36 mm long, deciduous after anthesis, tube spathaceous or variously cleft into equal or unequal lobes, ca. 20 mm long, appressed shaggy brown villous, glabrous within, upper 3 lobes ca. 9 mm long, lower 2 lobes ca. 12 mm long, deciduous or persistent in fruit, all lobes separating by anthesis. Corolla usually bilabiate, white, usually fleshy, tube narrowly funnelform, curved near middle, ca. 25 mm long, glabrous, upper lip 2-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, upper lobes probably broadly elliptic, ca. 7–8 mm long, lower lobes similar, the lobes imbricate in bud. Stamens 5, inserted about halfway up corolla tube, the 2 upper Stamens fertile, others staminodial, +/– with abortive anthers; fertile anthers coherent positioned in throat of corolla tube, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits or occasionally by apical pores. Ovary superior, oblong–ovoid, 2-carpellate, 1-celled, placentation parietal, placentas 2, ± intruded, rarely joined in center and dividing ovary into 2 cells; ovules numerous, anatropous, glabrous, apex rounded or with a stylar beak; style ca. 2 mm long, glabrous; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, lobes usually elliptic.

Fruit: Fruit a fleshy or firm berry; ovoid; apparently shaggy villous at least when young; often tipped by the persistent stylar beak. Seeds unknown.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Near streams and waterfalls.

Elevation Range: ca. 1,220 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Coll. Hawaii Publ. Bull. 2: 39 (1913)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:752 (K); Lorence et al. 1995:37 (REDISCOVER/K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. f. rock 2282 GH 3/3/1909
2 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In gulch of montane wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Seana Walsh SKW691 Kauai PTBG 2/6/2019
3 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Koaie, headwater gulches and stream, well above Koaie river, northwest of Mohihi- Waialae trail Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest and riparian vegetation Cheirodendron, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Ilex anomala, Syzygium sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, Cyrtandra kauaiensis, Melicope clusiifolia, Labordia degeneri, Cyanea f PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. kirkpatrick, m. collector number: 1167 m Kauai BISH 2/7/2013
4 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2282 Kauai BISH 3/3/1909
5 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community with sedges, grasses, and bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in shrub layer. Associated plants: Cheirodendron, Eurya, Cyrtandra, Dubautia, Coprosma, Melicope, Hedyotis, Plantago, Peperomia, Pipturus, Psychotria, Bidens, Cyanea, Anoectochilus, and numerous pteridophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 919 Kauai BISH 6/18/1991
6 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Koaie, headwater gulches and stream, well above Koaie river, northwest of Mohihi- Waialae trail Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest and riparian vegetation Cheirodendron, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Kadua affinis, Ilex anomala, Syzygium sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, Coprosma waimeae, Cyrtandra kauaiensis, Melicope clusiifolia, Labordia degeneri, Cyanea f PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 1167 m Kauai BISH 2/7/2013
7 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Elfin cloud forest dominated by Metrosideros spp., Pelea, and Labordia, interspersed with open bog areas severely damaged by pigs and dominated by Juncus planifolius. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. lorence, d.; telfer, t. collector number: 3046 Kauai BISH 7/18/1988
8 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation w/ Kadua affinis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Coprosma kauaiensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Dubautia raillardioides, D. laxa, Meliope wawrana, M. clusiifolia, Myrsine w PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 15985 Kauai BISH 7/2/2014
9 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2282 Kauai BISH 3/3/1909
10 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community with sedges, grasses, and bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in shrub layer. Associated plants: Cheirodendron, Eurya, Cyrtandra, Dubautia, Coprosma, Melicope, Hedyotis, Plantago, Peperomia, Pipturus, Psychotria, Bidens, Cyanea, Anoectochilus, and numerous pteridophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 171 Kauai BISH 9/9/1988
11 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros mesic forest, With Perrottetia sandwicensis, Ilex anomala, Diplazium sandwichianum, Poa sandwicensis, Dubautia laevigata, Bidens cosmoides, Dodonaea vioscosa, Freycinetia arborea, Cyrtandra cyaneoides, Platydesma PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 24005 Kauai BISH 6/25/2014
12 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Sesuvium portulacastrum, Chenopodium oahuense, Panicum torridum, Portulaca lutea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, k. wood & d. h. lorence 13289 Necker BISH 1/29/1993
13 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of falls and along stream banks, Metrosideros lowland wet riparian forest with Perrottetia, Touchardia, Diplazium sandwichianum, Boehmeria grandis, Psychotria, Cibotium, Machaerina angustifolia, Bidens, Sadleria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 13210 Kauai BISH 1/9/1993
14 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2282 Oahu BISH 3/3/1909
15 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In full sun. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 2282 Oahu BISH 3/3/1909
16 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Elfin cloud forest interspersed wih open bog areas severly damaged by pigs and dominated by Juncus planifolius. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3046 Kauai PTBG 6/18/1988
17 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Montane Wet mixed community w/ sedges, grasses, & bryophytes; epiphytes are common in the shrub layer. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 171 Kauai PTBG 9/9/1988
18 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest and riparian vegetation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15971 Kauai PTBG 6/25/2014
19 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US 1/29/1993
20 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 919 Kauai PTBG 6/18/1991
21 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Degraded Diverse Mesic Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 3458 Kauai PTBG 3/19/2013
22 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Montane wet Mixed Community with sedges, grasases, and bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in the shrub layer. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 173 Kauai PTBG 9/9/1988
23 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland wet riparian forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13210 Kauai PTBG 1/9/1993
24 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15717 Kauai PTBG 11/12/2013
25 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 919 Kauai PTBG 6/18/1991
26 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 943 Kauai PTBG 6/18/1991
27 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Windswept shrubland and patches of lowland wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 14532 Kauai PTBG 2/24/2011
28 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, k. wood & j. lau 13210 Oahu US 1/9/1993
29 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Elfin cloud forest ... PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lorence, D. H.; Telfer, T. 3046 Kauai US 6/18/1988
30 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K.; Lau, J. 13210 Kauai US 1/9/1993
31 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US
32 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, m. doyle & d. boynton 171 Kauai US 9/9/1988
33 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Lau, J.; Perlman, S. P. 2243 Kauai US 1/9/1993
34 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & r. hobdy 919 Kauai US 6/18/1991
35 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K.; Lorence, D. H. 13289 Kauai US 1/29/1993
36 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In stream on wet cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K. R.; Kirkpatrick, M. 23583 Kauai US 6/27/2013
37 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn 3046 Kauai US
38 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn Kauai US
39 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. h. lorence & t. telfer 3046 Kauai US 6/18/1988
40 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In stream on wet cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, k. r. wood & m. kirkpatrick 23583 Kauai US 6/27/2013
41 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In stream on wet cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN S. P. Perlman, K. R. Wood & M. Kirkpatrick 23583 Kauai US 6/27/2013
42 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Hobdy, R. 919 Kauai US 6/18/1991
43 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, j. lau & s. p. perlman 2243 Kauai US 1/9/1993
44 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & r. hobdy 943 Kauai US 6/18/1991
45 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Hobdy, R. 943 Kauai US 6/18/1991
46 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN j. f. smith, k. r. wood 4010 Oahu US 9/12/2000
47 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 171 Kauai US
48 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K. R.; Kirkpatrick, M. 24005 Kauai US 6/25/2014
49 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15300 Kauai US 10/20/1916
50 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 15300 Kauai US 10/20/2016
51 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, m. doyle & d. boynton 173 US 9/9/1988
52 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Mesic forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman, k. r. wood & m. kirkpatrick 24005 Kauai US 6/25/2014
53 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Sandy coral soil, protected by shrubs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. doyle, m.; boynton, d. collector number: 0171 Oahu BISH 9/9/1988
54 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Doyle, M.; Boynton, D. 173 US 9/9/1988
55 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Montane WET Mixed Community with sedges, grasases, and bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in the shrub layer. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2243 Kauai PTBG 9/9/1988
56 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros polymorpha wet cliff PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 23583 Kauai PTBG 6/27/2013
57 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Wet Forest w/ saturated stream walls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2243 Kauai PTBG 1/9/1993
58 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Up river in Metrosideros wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 4326 Kauai PTBG 6/25/1995
59 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2282 Kauai BISH 3/3/1909
60 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Collected in wet gully on west flank of plateau. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. perlman, s.; wood, k.r. collector number: 3330 Kauai BISH 6/18/1991
61 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. perlman, s.; hobdy, r.w. collector number: 0919 Hawaii BISH 6/18/1991
62 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of falls and along stream banks, Metrosideros lowland wet riparian forest with Perrottetia, Touchardia, Diplazium sandwichianum, Boehmeria grandis, Psychotria, Cibotium, Machaerina angustifolia, Bidens, Sadleria PRESERVED_SPECIMEN perlman, s.p. wood, k.r.; lau, j. collector number: 13210 Kauai BISH 1/9/1993
63 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland wet forest w/ saturated stream walls; Cyrtandra limahuliensis, C. oenobarba, C. cyaneoides, C. pickeringii, Bidens spp., Cyanea spp., Hedyotis spp., pteridophytes are abundant. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. lau, j.; perlman, s. collector number: 2243 Kauai BISH 1/9/1993
64 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Elfin cloud forest dominated by Metrosideros spp., Pelea, and Labordia, interspersed with open bog areas severely damaged by pigs and dominated by Juncus planifolius. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 3046 Kauai BISH 7/18/1988
65 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris lowland wet forest w/ saturated stream walls; Cyrtandra limahuliensis, C. oenobarba, C. cyaneoides, C. pickeringii, Bidens spp., Cyanea spp., Hedyotis spp., pteridophytes are abundant. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 2243 Kauai BISH 1/9/1993
66 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Collected in wet gully on west flank of plateau. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 3330 Kauai BISH 6/18/1991
67 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 2282 Kauai BISH 3/3/1909
68 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 13289 Kauai PTBG 1/29/1993
69 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest dissected by riparian habitat w/ banks of matting ferns, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Sticherus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 16135 Kauai PTBG 11/7/2014
70 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Montane wet Mixed Community with sedges, grasases, and bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in the shrub layer. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 172 Kauai PTBG 9/9/1988
71 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Gulch/stream of montane wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Seana Walsh SKW678 Kauai PTBG 2/5/2019
72 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15985 Kauai PTBG 7/2/2014
73 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros transitional mesic to wet forest and riparian vegetation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15397 Kauai PTBG 2/7/2013
74 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Acacia koa- Metrosideros mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 24005 Kauai PTBG 6/25/2014
75 Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros polymorpha wet cliff Machaerina angustifolia, Kadua elatior, Kadua centrathoides, Erigeron karvinskianus, Cyathea cooperi. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. 23583 Kauai BISH 6/27/2013
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